الضربات العسكرية الأمريكية على تجار المخدرات المزعومين 2025

الموقع
الهدفسفن يُزعم أنها تستخدم من قبل تجار المخدرات من جيش التحرير الوطني الكولومبي وعصابة قطار أراگوا الڤنزويلية
التاريخ1 سبتمبر – الحاضر
Attack typeغارات جوية
Instigator(s) البحرية الأمريكية

في سبتمبر 2025 بدأ الجيش الأمريكي شن غارات جوية على سفن في [[البحر الكاريبي]، مُعلناً ذلك من قِبل إدارة دونالد ترمپ، وذلك لمكافحة تجارة المخدرات في الولايات المتحدة. وفي أكتوبر، توسع نطاق الغارات ليشمل شرق المحيط الهادي. زعمت الولايات المتحدة أن السفن تُدار من قِبل جماعات صنفتها كإرهابية مرتبطة بالمخدرات، بما في ذلك عصابة قطار أراگوا الڤنزويلية وجيش التحرير الوطني، لكنها لم تنشر أي دليل على هذه المزاعم.

في منتصف أغسطس بدأت الولايات المتحدة نشر السفن الحربية والأفراد التابعين للبحرية في منطقة الكاريبي. أعلن دونالد ترمپ في 2 سبتمبر 2025 أن البحرية الأمريكية شنت أول غارة جوية في منطقة الكاريبي على قارب من ڤنزويلا، مما أسفر عن مقتل جميع الأشخاص الأحد عشر على متن القارب؛ ونشر مقطع ڤيديو للحادث، الذي قالت مصادر ڤنزويلية إنه وقع في 1 سبتمبر. في اليوم التالي، صرح وزير الدفاع الأمريكي پيت هِگسِث إن العمليات العسكرية ضد كارتلات المخدرات في ڤنزويلا ستستمر واقترح وزير الخارجية الأمريكي ماركو روبيو أن ضربات مماثلة قد تتبع ذلك. اعتباراً من 24 أكتوبر 2025، قُتل ما لا يقل عن 43 شخصاً وأُسر 2 في عشر حوادث ضربات - 8 في منطقة الكاريبي و2 في المحيط الهادي.

جاءت الضربات في ظل تصاعد التوترات بين الولايات المتحدة وڤنزويلا. خلال رئاسة ترمپ الثانية، وصفت الولايات المتحدة الرئيس الڤنزويلي نيكولاس مادورو بأنه "من أكبر تجار المخدرات في العالم"، وعرضت 50 مليون دولار لمن يدلي بمعلومات تؤدي إلى اعتقاله. وأشار معارضون ڤنزويليون ومحللون سياسيون مستقلون إلى أن الدافع الحقيقي للولايات المتحدة هو تغيير النظام. وشكك خبراء في قانونية عمليات القتل بموجب القانون الأمريكي والدولي، واتهمت الحكومتان الكولومبية والڤنزويلية الولايات المتحدة بارتكاب جرائم قتل خارج نطاق القضاء.


خلفية

المقالة الرئيسية: الانتشار البحري الأمريكي في الكاريبي

قالب:Crisis in Venezuela short

During the Trump administration's second term, the US intensified its focus on drug cartels, characterizing the smugglers as terrorists.[1][2][3] In August 2025, the US deployed warships and personnel to the Caribbean, citing the need to combat drug cartels.[4][5][6] PBS News reported that Trump was utilizing the military to counter cartels he blamed for trafficking fentanyl and other illicit drugs into the US and for fueling violence in American cities.[7]

الغارات الجوية

الغارة الأولية

The US announced on 2 September that a military vessel struck and sank a speedboat that it alleged was smuggling drugs from Venezuela to the southern Caribbean[8] during a high-seas interdiction mission.[2][9] El Pitazo[10] and Venezuela's El Nacional stated that the boat was destroyed on Monday, 1 September.[11] Trump announced the attack from the White House, describing the target as "loaded" with narcotics, a "lot of drugs" bound for the United States.[12] In a post on Truth Social, Trump stated that the operation killed 11 members of Tren de Aragua.[13] Secretary of State Marco Rubio confirmed the sinking on social media, stating the vessel was operated by a "designated narco-terrorist organization".[14] On 6 September 2025, Rubio said: "Instead of interdicting it, on the president's orders, we blew it up. And it'll happen again."[15] According to The Wall Street Journal, "The attack was the US military's first publicly acknowledged airstrike in Central or South America since the US invasion of Panama in 1989."[16]

Venezuelan media reported[17] that the vessel came from the village of San Juan de Unare, located on the Paria Peninsula in Sucre (a coastal state in the northeastern part of Venezuela).[18][19] Inhabitants describing a town in mourning[20] published tributes containing photos of the deceased beginning early on 3 September.[21][18] The deceased included eight persons from San Juan de Unare and three from a nearby town, Güiria.[11]

El Pitazo reported that the boat was a flipper type with four 200-horsepower engines, about 12 متر (39 ft) long, and was headed for nearby Trinidad and Tobago. Two other vessels which departed at about the same time escaped detection.[18][11][10][22] US military veteran Luis Quiñonez stated in a television interview that three warnings (in English, Spanish and Portuguese) to stop were issued,[23] and sources told journalist Sebastiana Barráez (es) that the vessel carried a "considerable cargo" and that some had been thrown overboard before the US attack.[11][أ]

Approximate path and location of 1 September airstrike announced on 2 September, showing the vessel's start from San Juan de Unare, Sucre, Venezuela, and projected end at Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago[17][24][25]
Casualties list
  • Caribbean Sea
  • 11 killed – 1 September[11]
  • 3 killed – 15 September[26]
  • 3 killed – 19 September[27]
  • 4 killed – 3 October[28]
  • 6 killed – 14 October[29]
  • 2 killed, 2 captured – 16 October[30]
  • 3 killed – 17 October[31]
  • 6 killed – 24 October[32]
  • Eastern Pacific
  • 2 killed – 21 October[33]
  • 3 killed – 22 October[34]

As of 24 October 2025, at least 43 killed[32] and 2 captured[30]

Originally a fishing village, San Juan de Unare had been for two decades taken over as a transit point in the drug trade, according to Ronna Rísquez.[35] France 24, quoting local media, reported that since 2018 the town has been a "strategic hub for drug trafficking, human trafficking, and irregular migration", and that Tren de Aragua ran drugs ultimately destined for the US from the Sucre coast via Caribbean islands.[20] According to Efecto Cocuyo, Sucre state's short distance from Trinidad "facilitates the proliferation of these illicit activities, a fact that has been widely documented by various organizations ... in multiple investigations".[19] An anonymous expert on organized crime told Efecto Cocuyo that drugs trafficked through the region originate in Colombia, and that gangs such as Tren de Aragua are "attempting to control these territories to establish direct transportation routes to the islands of the Eastern Caribbean".[19] A 1 October Insight Crime report stated that Tren de Aragua "maintains a stronghold" in Sucre state, but the Venezuelan state has "real control" of "criminal economies" there.[17]

Trump posted footage of the attack on Truth Social, showing a missile striking the boat and setting it on fire.[36] A US spokesperson later confirmed that either a military helicopter or an MQ-9 Reaper drone struck the boat. Rubio added that the boat appeared to be heading for Trinidad or another Caribbean country.[9]

The New York Times and Associated Press reported that national security sources acknowledged that the boat seemed to be turning back when it was hit.[37][38]

Two unidentified bodies suspected by locals to be casualties from the strike washed up on the shores of Trinidad and Tobago, showing signs of having been blown up.[39]

الضربات اللاحقة على الزوارق الڤنزويلية المزعومة

On 15 September, Trump announced in a Truth Social post that the US military launched a second strike into a boat transporting illicit drugs from Venezuela during the morning hours, killing three men aboard the vessel.[40] Following the second attack, Trump released a threat on social media towards drug traffickers, replying in all capital letters: "Be warned—If you are transporting drugs that can kill Americans, we are hunting you!"[26] Trump stated on 16 September that the US military had sunk a third alleged drug-running boat in the Caribbean, without providing any other detail.[41][ب] Later, on 8 October, Colombian President Gustavo Petro stated that those killed in one of the strikes may have been Colombian.[46][47][ت] The White House responded that these assertions were baseless.[48][50][51] Two US officials stated without approval to publicly discuss the matter that there were Colombians on at least one of the boats.[46] On 18 October, Petro stated that the 16 September strike announced by Trump had killed a Colombian fisherman.[52] Other sources said he was referring to the 15 September strike.[53][54]

On 3 October, Hegseth announced that a strike on a vessel near the coast of Venezuela killed four.[55][ث] Hegseth wrote in an X post that the vessel was transporting substantial amounts of narcotics and at the time was heading towards the United States, adding that the vessel was operating on a known narco-trafficking transit route.[28]

On 14 October, Trump posted a statement on Truth Social that six more men were killed in a strike[29] on a vessel near the coast of Venezuela.[57] Trump stated that Hegseth ordered the strike that morning.[58] Trinidad and Tobago is investigating whether two of the killed were Trinidad citizens.[59]

On 24 October, Hegseth announced "the first strike at night" occurred, against an alleged drug vessel operated by Tren de Aragua in the Caribbean, killing six men on board.[32][60]

غارات أخرى على الكاريبي

An infographic which shows the approximate locations of American airstrikes

On 19 September, Trump announced that another vessel allegedly carrying drugs had been destroyed in the Caribbean and that three men had been killed; Trump stated that the vessel was "affiliated with a Designated Terrorist Organization conducting narcotrafficking in the USSOUTHCOM area of responsibility", but did not specify where the strike occurred, the country of origin, or the alleged criminal affiliation.[27][61] The Dominican Republic later announced that, under its National Directorate for Drug Control and the Dominican Navy, it had cooperated with the US Navy to locate the boat, which was about 80 nautical miles South of Dominican-controlled Beata Island. After the boat was destroyed the Dominican Navy salvaged 377 packages of cocaine amounting to 1،000 كيلوغرام (2،200 lb). The Directorate stated that "This is the first time in history that the United States and the Dominican Republic carry out a joint operation against narco terrorism in the Caribbean".[62]

Reuters reported that there was a previously unannounced strike on 16 October 2025, which for the first time included survivors.[63] The US alleged that the vessel struck was a narco-submarine.[64] Unlike previous strikes, the attack did not immediately result in fatalities.[63] The survivors were rescued and detained on a US Navy ship.[45] Reuters reported, and Trump later confirmed, two killed and two survivors.[65][30] By 19 October, both were repatriated to their respective countries of origin, Colombia and Ecuador.[66][67] The Ecuadorian attorney general's office stated that no crime reports had been filed against him with their institution, so absent evidence for detaining him, the subject was released.[68][69]The Ecuadorian had previously been convicted and deported from the US in 2020 for drug smuggling. [70]

On 17 October, a strike in international waters on an alleged Colombian National Liberation Army (ELN) drug vessel killed an additional three men.[31] The ELN denied involvement with the alleged drug boat or any other drug boat trafficking.[71]

الغارات على المحيط الهادي

The US struck another alleged drug boat on 21 October, killing at least two individuals, marking the first strike to take place in the Pacific Ocean.[72][33] An unnamed US official said the strike occurred off the Colombian coast.[73] A second strike in the Pacific on 22 October killed three.[34]

إعلان "النزاع المسلح"، 1 أكتوبر

المقالة الرئيسية: الانتشار البحري الأمريكي في الكاريبي 2025

Trump formally notified Congress on 1 October that the US was in a "non-international armed conflict" with "unlawful combatants" regarding drug cartels in the Caribbean, specifically referencing the 15 September strike.[74][75] The Miami Herald wrote that: "In an armed conflict, a country can lawfully kill enemy fighters even when they pose no threat."[76]

Initially positioned as a mission to stop narcotics traffic to the US, by mid-October, Venezuelan opposition figures and independent analysts confirmed a shift in US objectives toward regime change.[77][78]

المشروعية

انظر أيضاً: قتل خارج نطاق القضاء and جريمة حرب

The Trump administration did not initially announce any specific legal authority for the strike.[79][80] Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth declared, "We have the absolute and complete authority", citing "... the defense of the American people alone. 100,000 Americans were killed each year under the previous administration because of an open border and open drug traffic flow. That is an assault on the American people."[81][82] Jake Tapper asked Tom Homan how the President has authority to conduct such a strike; Homan deferred to the Department of Justice and the Department of Defense, saying the cartels had "... killed more Americans than any war."[83] The Trump administration did not provide evidence about the vessel's cargo, nor did it establish that the vessel's crew were threatening to attack.[84]

Experts have questioned the legality of the strike under US and international law.[85][86] Experts speaking to the BBC said that the 2 September strike was potentially illegal under international maritime and human rights law. Though the US is not a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, previous US policy had been to "act in a manner consistent with its provisions"; countries are not supposed to interfere with ships in international waters except in cases such as hot pursuit out of a country's territorial waters.[87][88] Law professor Mary Ellen O'Connell said that the strike "violated fundamental principles of international law". Luke Moffett of Queen's University Belfast, also a law professor, stated that striking the ship without grounds of self-defense could be extrajudicial killing. BBC News argued that "Questions also remain as to whether Trump complied with the War Powers Resolution, which demands that the president 'in every possible instance shall consult with Congress before introducing United States Armed Forces into hostilities'".[87] In October, the Associated Press stated that the Trump administration is "treating alleged drug traffickers as unlawful combatants who must be met with military force".[89]

The Atlantic and the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) suggested that Trump was relying on the authority given the president as commander in chief under Article II of the US Constitution.[90][86] According to CSIS, critics say the president must notify Congress within 48 hours to gain authorization.[86] An expert in US constitutional law from King's College London stated to the BBC that it is not clear if the strike would fall under the presidential powers granted by the anti-terrorist Authorization for Use of Military Force of 2001 (AUMF), but that the administration's use of the term "narco-terrorists" may hint at this being their legal justification.[91] According to CSIS, for several decades AUMF "has substituted for a formal declaration of war", and was used in 2001 to authorize war against "nations, organizations, or persons [the president] determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided” the attacks of 11 September or "harbored such organizations or persons".[86] CSIS states that this authorization has been "used as a controversial legal basis for US counterterrorism operations against the Taliban, al-Qaeda, and other organizations" and Joe Biden "did not seek congressional authorization for its frequent strikes against the Houthis in Yemen".[86] George W. Bush administration legal figure John Yoo has also questioned the legality of the strikes arguing that “There has to be a line between crime and war.” Obama era legal figure Harold Hongju Koh said that the strikes were “lawless, dangerous and reckless.”[92] Former chief White House ethics lawyer Richard Painter called the strikes a violation of international and federal law.[93]

Law professor Gabor Rona argued in a 2 October 2025 Lawfare article that, while he agreed with other analysts that the strikes were unlawful, they reflected a predictable overreach that followed the precedents established during the George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Joe Biden administrations following the 11 September attacks.[94]

A group of UN human rights experts stated on 21 October 2025 that the use of lethal force in international waters without a proper legal basis constitutes “extrajudicial executions", and that covert or direct military action against another sovereign state would represent "an even graver breach of the UN Charter".[95] Adam Isacson of the Washington Office on Latin America said the strike "[l]ooks like a massacre of civilians at sea".[85] In an interview with Democracy Now!, Greg Grandin questioned whether the boat was actually being used to smuggle drugs, arguing that such a boat would not carry 11 passengers, but would devote the space to drug cargo. Grandin said that the strike was "bringing the logic of Gaza into the Caribbean, in terms of unaccountability, impunity and an expansive notion of national defense to justify what is, in effect, just extrajudicial killing."[96] David Smilde also said that the number of passengers would be unusual for a drug smuggling boat.[84] Amnesty International USA described the strike as murder.[93][97]

Repatriating the survivors of the 16 October strike on a semi-submersible to their home countries for prosecution avoids a civilian court challenge to continued detention without evidence, and a military court challenge to the legal justification for treating prisoners as unlawful combatants if they were not engaged in armed conflict.[30]

ردود الفعل

ڤنزويلا

Early on 3 September, tributes containing photos, videos and names of the deceased began to appear on social media.[21] There was no response from the Maduro administration for four hours after the strike was announced; Freddy Ñáñez, the Venezuelan communications minister, was the first Venezuelan official to address the strike.[21] He stated that the footage of the attack was fake.[98] Inhabitants of San Juan de Unare disagree with this version.[18][20][11][10]

During his regular TV show on 3 September, Diosdado Cabello, Venezuela's Minister of Interior, Justice and Peace, characterized the strike as "fake news" "invented" by the US as a cover for regime change.[21] In the TV segment, he called the killings extrajudicial murders.[36][99] Cabello later said that Venezuelan investigations determined none of the 11 people killed were members of Tren de Aragua.[100] A neighbor of one of the victims disagreed with this version.[101]

The next day, on 4 September,[21] Attorney General Tarek William Saab said the attack never occurred.[102]

Maduro accused the US of threatening regime change with the strike and build up of naval forces in the area. He said there were no criminal connections to drug traffickers.[36] Delcy Rodriguez, the vice president of Venezuela, asked on 8 September, "How can there be a drug cartel if there's no drugs here?"[103]

الولايات المتحدة

James G. Stavridis, a former US Navy admiral, characterized the strike and other US military activity around the same time as gunboat diplomacy intended to demonstrate the vulnerability of Venezuelan oil rigs and materiel. He wrote that drug interdiction was likely not the sole reason for the increased US military activity.[104]

According to Walter Pincus, writing in the Cipher Brief, Trump was questioned on 5 September about the legality of the first strike, to which he responded: "We don't want drugs killing our people. I believe we lost 300,000 ... last year"—a number he repeated days later in an Oval Office meeting.[105][106] But when speaking impromptu to reporters prior to boarding Air Force One on 14 September, he inflated that number to 300 million—perhaps mistakenly according to Pincus.[105][107] Trump stated: "What’s illegal are the drugs that were on the boat, and the drugs that are being sent into our country, and the fact that 300 million people died last year from drugs."[107] Drug overdose deaths in the US in 2024 were about 80,000 according to factcheck.org.[106]

In an exchange on X, Vice President JD Vance stated, "Killing cartel members who poison our fellow citizens is the highest and best use of our military," to which writer Brian Krassenstein responded, "killing the citizens of another nation who are civilians without any due process is called a war crime", Vance responded "I don't give a shit what you call it." Senator Rand Paul intervened in the argument, saying "What a despicable and thoughtless sentiment it is to glorify killing someone without a trial."[108] Senator Bernie Moreno responded to Paul saying, "what’s really despicable is defending foreign terrorist drug traffickers who are *directly* responsible for the deaths of hundreds of thousands of Americans in Kentucky and Ohio."[109]

The strike was welcomed by Republican senators Lindsey Graham and Bernie Moreno, with Moreno saying that "Sinking [the] boat saved American lives."[87] Senator Mark Warner said he was worried about putting American sailors "in harm's way by violating international law", and declared that neither he, a member of the Gang of Eight, nor the Senate Intelligence Committee were briefed ahead of the operation.[110] A bipartisan briefing scheduled for 5 September was abruptly cancelled.[111]

Puerto Rico governor Jennifer Gonzalez thanked the Trump administration on 9 September 2025 for the "fight against drug cartels in our hemisphere".[103]

California senator Adam Schiff and Virginia senator Tim Kaine sponsored a War Powers Resolution to prevent the administration from launching further strikes without congressional approval, which failed in the Senate 51-48 on 8 October 2025.[112]

A Harvard CAPS/Harris poll on 1–2 October showed 71% of respondents supported the US destroying boats trafficking drugs from South America.[113]

أخرى

Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago Kamla Persad-Bissessar praised the US attack and encouraged more operations against drug traffickers, saying: "The pain and suffering the cartels have inflicted on our nation is immense. I have no sympathy for traffickers; the US military should kill them all violently."[35][114] Raising concerns that the bodies washing ashore won't be investigated, and placing Trinidad and Tobago at odds with other CARICOM members, she supports the strikes, saying: "I much prefer seeing drug and gun traffickers blown to pieces than seeing hundreds of our citizens murdered each year because of drug-fueled gang violence."[39] The family of one of the Trinidad victims said due process was not given and accused Trump of "killing poor people".[115]

Colombian president Gustavo Petro said that attacking the boat occupants in drug interdictions rather than capturing them amounted to murder.[114] When asked whose side he was on, Brazilian president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva said he was on the side of peace, favored negotiations, and that US forces in the Caribbean had become a source of tension.[116][117][118] Addressing the United Nations General Assembly, Lula compared "using lethal force in situations that do not constitute armed conflict" to "executing people without trial."[119]

The Iranian ambassador to the UN in Geneva condemned the attack as illegal under international law.[120]

Political scientist Peter Feaver noted that every presidential administration since Ronald Reagan's considered deploying military force in the war on drugs, but only the second Trump administration followed through.[90] Journalist Katy Balls wrote that the strikes were "a response to Beijing's fast-growing influence in Latin America."[121]

انظر أيضاً

الهوامش

  1. ^ See Carlos Salazar X post with video of journalist Sebastiana Barraez, who states at timestamp 1:50 that the boat passengers communicated via satellite telephones.[11]
  2. ^ Sources published on 3 October would refer to the 3 October strike as the fifth vessel sunk, accounting for a 16 September strike.[42][43][44] Later sources, for example 17 October Reuters, did not count the 16 September announcement.[45]
  3. ^ Petro referred to la última lancha bombardeada (the last bombed boat),[47] which some sources reported as the 3 October strike.[48][49]
  4. ^ The strike was described as the fourth[55][56] or fifth vessel struck, if counting the 16 September announcement by Trump.[42][44]

المصادر

  1. ^ Gordon, Michael R.; Bergengruen, Vera; Wise, Lindsay (17 September 2025). "Trump Invokes Post-9/11 Playbook in Attacks on Drug Cartels". The Wall Street Journal. ProQuest 3251468569. Archived from the original on 17 September 2025. Retrieved 17 September 2025.
  2. ^ أ ب Phillips, Tom (2 September 2025). "US conducts 'kinetic strike' against drug boat from Venezuela, killing 11, Trump says". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2 September 2025.
  3. ^ "Venezuela's Maduro says "no way" U.S. can invade after Washington deploys warships to region". CBS News. 29 August 2025. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  4. ^ Holland, Steve (18 August 2025). "US deploys warships near Venezuela to combat drug threats, sources say". Reuters. Archived from the original on 21 August 2025. Retrieved 21 August 2025.
  5. ^ Jeyaretnam, Miranda (20 August 2025). "4,000 Troops and 4,500,000 Militiamen: What to Know About the U.S.-Venezuela Standoff". Time. Archived from the original on 20 August 2025.
  6. ^ Garcia Cano, Regina; Toropin, Konstantin (29 August 2025). "US warships in South America and the reaction in Venezuela". Navy Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 3 September 2025.
  7. ^ "Why is the U.S. deploying war ships to South America? 4 things to know". PBS. 29 August 2025. Archived from the original on 1 September 2025. Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  8. ^ Debusmann, Bern (3 September 2025). "Trump says 11 killed in US strike on drug-carrying vessel from Venezuela". BBC News. Archived from the original on 4 September 2025. Retrieved 3 September 2025.
  9. ^ أ ب Cooper, Helene; Schmitt, Eric; Wong, Edward; Feuer, Alan (2 September 2025). "Trump Says U.S. Attacked Boat Carrying Venezuelan Gang Members, Killing 11". The New York Times. ProQuest 3245739975. Retrieved 4 September 2025.
  10. ^ أ ب ت "Luto en San Juan de Unare: familiares y amigos comparten mensajes por redes sociales" [Mourning in San Juan de Unare: Family and friends share messages on social media]. El Pitazo (in الإسبانية). 4 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
  11. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ "¿Qué se sabe de la lancha destruida por EE UU en el Caribe que zarpó de San Juan de Unare?" [What is known about the boat destroyed by the US in the Caribbean that set sail from San Juan de Unare?]. El Nacional (in الإسبانية). Venezuela. 4 September 2025. Archived from the original on 4 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025. ... 11 hombres que murieron cuando una lancha rápida fue destruida por la Armada de Estados Unidos en el Caribe el lunes primero de septiembre. La embarcación salió el domingo 31 de agosto en la noche y tenía como destino Trinidad y Tobago. [... 11 men died when a speedboat was destroyed by the U.S. Navy in the Caribbean on Monday, 1 September. The vessel departed on Sunday night, 31 August, bound for Trinidad and Tobago.]
  12. ^ Delgado, Antonio Maria (2 September 2025). "Trump says U.S. destroyed drug boat from Venezuela: 'A lot of drugs on that boat'". Miami Herald. Archived from the original on 2 September 2025.
  13. ^ Winkie, Davis; Meyer, Josh (2 September 2025). "US military strikes alleged 'drug vessel' from Venezuela in Caribbean Sea, 11 killed". USA Today. Archived from the original on 2 September 2025. Retrieved 2 September 2025.
  14. ^ "Rubio says US military conducted lethal strike against drug vessel from Venezuela". Reuters. 2 September 2025. Archived from the original on 3 September 2025.
  15. ^ Cohen, Zachary; Atwood, Kylie; Holmes, Kristen; Treene, Alayna (5 September 2025). "Trump weighs strikes targeting cartels inside Venezuela, part of wider pressure campaign on Maduro, sources say". CNN. Retrieved 13 September 2025.
  16. ^ Bergengruen, Vera; Gordon, Michael; de Córdoba, José (4 September 2025). "Did a Boat Strike in Caribbean Exceed Trump's Authority to Use Military Force?". Wall Street Journal. ProQuest 3246718523. Archived from the original on 5 September 2025. Retrieved 5 September 2025.
  17. ^ أ ب ت "US Drone Strike Highlights Sucre's Role in Venezuela's Cocaine Corridor". Venezuela Investigative Unit. InSight Crime. 1 October 2025. Retrieved 18 October 2025..
  18. ^ أ ب ت ث "Difunden fotos de las personas que supuestamente viajaban en la lancha que destruyó EE UU en el Caribe" [Photos are being released of the people who were allegedly traveling on the boat destroyed by the US in the Caribbean]. El Nacional (in الإسبانية). Venezuela. 5 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
  19. ^ أ ب ت "San Juan de Unare: un pueblo de pescadores atrapado en la red del narcotráfico" [San Juan de Unare: a fishing village caught in the drug trade]. Efecto Cocuyo (in الإسبانية). 6 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
  20. ^ أ ب ت "El pueblo venezolano de pescadores de donde se afirma que salió la lancha fulminada por Trump" [The Venezuelan fishing village from which the boat shot down by Trump is said to have departed] (in الإسبانية). France 24. 6 September 2025. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
  21. ^ أ ب ت ث ج "San Juan de Unare llora a sus ocho muertos por un ataque de EE. UU. que el chavismo tilda de 'invento'" [San Juan de Unare mourns its eight dead from a U.S. attack that Chavismo calls a 'fabrication']. Cronica Uno (in الإسبانية). 5 September 2025. Retrieved 11 September 2025.
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    Why it matters: Top Democrats this week said they were left in the dark ahead of the operation, which the administration has suggested is the start of a broader military campaign.
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