قالب:ColumbiaRiverGeobox
| نهر كلومبيا | |
| Wimahl | |
 Bonneville Dam, in the Columbia River Gorge
| |
| Name origin: Captain Robert Gray's ship, Columbia Rediviva | |
| Nickname: Big River | |
| البلدان | كندا, الولايات المتحدة |
|---|---|
| States | Washington, Oregon |
| Provinces | British Columbia |
| الروافد | |
| - يسار | Spillimacheen River, Beaver River, Illecillewaet River, Incomappleux River, Kootenay River, Pend Oreille River, Spokane River, Snake River, Deschutes River, Willamette River |
| - يمين | Kicking Horse River, Blaeberry River, Canoe River, Kettle River, Sanpoil River, Okanogan River, Yakima River, Lewis River, Kalama River, Cowlitz River |
| المدن | Revelstoke, BC, Tri-Cities, WA, Portland, OR, Vancouver, WA, Longview, WA |
| Source | Columbia Lake |
| - الموقع | British Columbia, Canada |
| - elevation | 2،690 ft (820 m) [1] |
| - coordinates | 50°13′N 115°51′W / 50.217°N 115.850°W [2] |
| المصب | Pacific Ocean |
| - الارتفاع | 0 ft (0 m) |
| - الاحداثيات | 46°14′39″N 124°3′29″W / 46.24417°N 124.05806°W [3] |
| الطول | 1،243 mi (2،000 km) [4] |
| الحوض | 258،000 sq mi (668،000 km2) |
| التدفق | for mouth (average); max and min at The Dalles, Oregon, 188.9 ميل (304.0 km) from the mouth |
| - المتوسط | 265،000 cu ft/s (7،500 m3/s) [5][6][7] |
| - الأقصى | 1،240،000 cu ft/s (35،100 m3/s) |
| - الأدنى | 12،100 cu ft/s (300 m3/s) |
 Columbia River drainage basin
| |
References
This reference list does not appear in the article.
- ^ Marsh, James (1999). "Columbia River". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Foundation. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
- ^ "Columbia Lake". Canadian Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
- ^ "Columbia River". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. 1980-11-28. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
- ^ "River Overview". Columbia River Keeper. 2000–2004. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Kammerer, J.C. (1990). "Largest Rivers in the United States". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help) - ^ Kimbrough, R.A. (2006). "Water Data Report WA-05-1: Klickitat and White Salmon River Basins and the Columbia River from Kennewick to Bonneville Dam" (PDF). Water Resources Data-Washington Water Year 2005. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-04-01.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Identical data in: Loy, William G. (2001). Atlas of Oregon. University of Oregon Press. pp. 164–65. ISBN 0-87114-102-7.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help)