بنك تايوان

بنك تايوان
بنك تايوان
Chinese name
الصينية التقليدية	臺灣銀行
الحروف المبسطة	台湾银行
هان‌يو پن‌ين
النقحرة
المندرينية الفصحى
هان‌يو پن‌ين	Táiwān Yínháng
بوپوموفو	ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄢㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ
Gwoyeu Romatzyh	Tair'uan Ynhang
ويد-جايلز	T'ai²-wan¹ In²-hang²
پن‌ين تونگ‌يونگ	Táiwan Yínháng
MPS2	Táiwān Yínháng
هاكا
الرومنة	Thòi-vàn ngiùn-hòng
مين الجنوبية
هوك‌ين POJ	Tâi-oân gîn-hâng
تاي-لو	Tâi-uân gîn-hâng
Japanese name
Kanji	臺灣銀行
Kana	たいわんぎんこう
الرومنة
النقحرة
الرومنة	Taiwan Ginkō

Bank of Taiwan
臺灣銀行
	Head office building in Taipei
النوع	State-owned
الصناعة	Banking
تأسست	1897; 128 years ago
المقر الرئيسي	Taipei, Taiwan
نطاق الخدمة	Taiwan; Japan; Australia; Singapore; United Kingdom; United States; China; Hong Kong; South Africa
الأشخاص الرئيسيون	Jong-Yuan Ling (chairperson)
المنتجات	Financial services
إجمالي الأصول	▲NTD 4,929 billion (2017); (US$ 1,643 billion)
الموظفون	8,122 (2017)
الشركة الأم	Taiwan Financial Holdings Group
الموقع الإلكتروني	www.bot.com.tw/en/
	Footnotes / references; Issuer of banknotes (1899–2000), De facto Central Bank (1949–1961)

The Bank of Taiwan (BOT; الصينية: 臺灣銀行; پن‌ين: Táiwān Yínháng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân gîn-hâng) is a commercial bank headquartered in Taipei, Taiwan. It was established in 1897-1899 as a Japanese policy institution or "special bank", similarly as the Nippon Kangyo Bank (est. 1897), Hokkaido Takushoku Bank (est. 1900), Industrial Bank of Japan (est. 1902), and Bank of Chōsen (est. 1909). Its aim was to finance industrial demand in Japanese-ruled Taiwan and also to promote trade between South China, Southeast Asia and the Japanese possessions in the Pacific.^[2]^:16-17

The Bank of Taiwan was the main issuer of banknotes on the island from 1899 to 1961, when that role was taken over by the Central Bank of China. Having lost its former role as a bank of issue, it remains owned by the Government of the Republic of China.

التاريخ

دعاية لبنك تايوان في مجلة الإكونومست، 1917

البنك الاستعماري الياباني

The Bank of Taiwan's creation was authorized in 1897 by the Bank Act of Taiwan which also encouraged Japanese enterprises, such as the Mitsubishi and Mitsui Groups, to invest in Taiwan. It started operations in 1899.

A financial crisis in 1927 was relieved with assistance from the Bank of Japan. Bank branches were created in other parts of Asia as the Japanese empire expanded, including areas in China and Southeast Asia. By 1929, the Bank of Taiwan had a total 14 offices outside of Japan and its colonies, fewer than the Yokohama Specie Bank or Bank of Chōsen but more than any other Japanese commercial bank.^[3]^:3

Bank of issue of the Republic of China

After the Japanese surrender in 1945, the ROC government (led by the Chinese Nationalist Party, or KMT) took over the Bank of Taiwan and began issuing Taiwan dollars, also known as Taiwan Nationalist Yuan, through the Bank of Taiwan. This currency is now referred to as the "old Taiwan dollar." Severe inflation of this currency during the Chinese Civil War led the Bank of Taiwan to issue the New Taiwan dollar in 1949. After the loss of mainland China in the Chinese Civil War by the KMT and its subsequent retreat to Taiwan, the Bank of Taiwan kept printing the island’s banknotes until the Central Bank of China assumed that role in 1961.

Taiwanese commercial bank

The Bank of Taiwan was governed under the Taiwan Provincial Government until 1998 when governance was transferred to the ROC Finance Ministry. In 2001 the Central Bank of China took over the task of issuing the New Taiwan Dollar.

The Bank of Taiwan currently operates a total of 169 domestic branches as well as branches in Tokyo, Singapore, Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China. Branches have also been established in New York City, Los Angeles, London, and South Africa.

In July 2007, the Bank of Taiwan merged with the Central Trust (中央信託局) as part of a government financial reform package. The bank continues to operate as an independent company taking over some aspects of the Trust's banking business. In January 2008, the Bank became part of the Taiwan Financial Holdings Group (臺灣金融控股公司), which also contains BankTaiwan Securities and BankTaiwan Life Insurance.